Buterin Outlines Ethereum’s Quantum Resistance Roadmap

Ethereum co-founder Vitalik Buterin detailed a roadmap addressing four key areas vulnerable to quantum computing attacks: validator signatures, data storage, user account signatures, and zero-knowledge proofs. For validator signatures, he suggested replacing current BLS signatures with quantum-safe hash-based signatures, emphasizing the critical need to choose the right, long-lasting hash function. Data storage, currently using KZG for blobs, is planned to switch to quantum-resistant STARKs, though this requires significant engineering. User accounts, which use ECDSA, need an upgrade to support quantum-resistant schemes like lattice-based signatures, which currently incur high gas costs. The solution for both expensive quantum-safe signatures and proofs is protocol-layer recursive signature and proof aggregation, allowing a single master proof to validate thousands of individual items, thus keeping on-chain verification costs near zero. Buterin also noted expectations for progressive decreases in slot and finality times.

(Source：Cointelegraph)