Vitalik Buterin Claims ZK-EVMs And PeerDAS Have Solved Blockchain Trilemma

Ethereum co-founder Vitalik Buterin recently claimed that Ethereum has effectively solved the blockchain trilemma—the challenge of balancing decentralization, security, and scalability—through the implementation of Peer Data Availability Sampling (PeerDAS) and Zero-Knowledge Ethereum Virtual Machines (ZK-EVMs). Buterin stated that with PeerDAS (active since the recent Dencun upgrade) and ZK-EVMs (expected to be widely used by 2026-2028), Ethereum achieves decentralization, consensus, and high bandwidth. While PeerDAS is currently live, ZK-EVMs are still in an alpha stage requiring further security maturation, with full realization of this vision expected over the next four years through various upgrades like gas limit increases and state structure changes. Buterin noted this achievement represents a decade of work since he first addressed data availability issues in 2017.

(Source：Cointelegraph)